Animal feedstuff supplemented with 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde 2-(3-hydroxyethyl)-semicarbazone



United States Patent 'ANllVIAL FEEDSTUFF SUPPLEMENTED WITH NITRO 2FURALDEHYDE 2-(3-HYDROXYETH- YL)-SEMICARBAZONE Mary F. Paul, Norwich,N.Y., assignor to The Norwich Pharmacal Company, Norwich, N.Y., acorporation of New York No Drawing. Filed May 2, 1958, Ser. No. 732,466

4 Claims. (Cl. 99-2) This invention relates to animal feeds and aims toprovide a supplemented animal feedstufi containing an effectivegrowth-stimulating and feed conversion factor.

In the practice of animal husbandry, attempts have been made in the pastto attain greater weight and better appearance of stock, and at the sametime reduce feeding costs, by resorting to supplemented rations. Varioussubstances have been utilized as additives to basal rations toaccomplish this and to advance the science of animal husbandry. However,not all additives are free from such disadvantages in use as (1)possibility for retention in tissue which poses a problem when suchtissue is of the edible variety; (2) stability in mixing and storage;(3) effect upon egg production and hatchability in poultry species; (4)injudicious administration forestalling later therapeutic indication byvirtue of the emergence of resistant mutants; and (5) establishment ofdosage tolerances because of unpredictable and unwanted side effects.

I have discovered that it is possible to achieve remarkable andsurprising stimulation of growth, general improvement in health andappearance and enhanced feed etficiency in animals, while avoiding thedisadvantages enumerated above which have attended the use of pastadditives, through the administration of a supplemented animal feedstuffcontaining, in addition to the animals basal ration, "a small quantityof 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde 2-(2-hydroxyethyDsemicarbazone. In the practiceof my invention, an animal feed serves as a carrier for a small quantityof 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde Z-(Z-hydroxyethyl)semicarbazone which isadmixed therewith. its preparation may be readily accomplished throughany of the common methods employed for dispersing supplementary agentsuniformly in feed such as tumbling, grinding and stirring.

The amount of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde Z-(Z-hydroxyethyl)sernicarbazoneadded to the basal diet may be varied within limits. It is usuallysufiicient to add an amount within the range of about -100 mg. perkilogram of ration to achieve optimum results. Within this range Iprefer the level of about 2050 mg. per kilogram of ration for, when usedas a feedstuff, it exhibits the optimal features of my invention. 1 havefound the 50 mg. per kilogram level to be particularly operable incertain species, e.g. swine, while a level of about 20 mg. per kilogramis desirable in others, e.g. chickens.

In the course of experiments commonly termed screening procedures, Ihave found my compositions to demonstrate extremely salutary effectswhen' administered to animals. In such experiments, groups of healthy,weanling albino rats, housed under exemplary conditions and providedwith feed and water ad libitum, were among the subjects. To some ofthose groups a basal feed suitable for the production of weight gain wasofiered and to others such basal feed, having a quantity of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)semicarbazone in the amount of 50 mg. perkilogram uniformly dispersed therethrough, was provided. Feeding of thatration was carried out over a period of four weeks with other groupsreceiv- 3,039,875 Patented June 19, 1962 ing the basal diet beingobserved for the same time period. The basal diet consisted of:

Parts by weight 'lhis mixture was prepared so as to contain 4 grams ofvitamin and other dietary essentials per kilogram of diet as follows 5125 mg. vitamin B1; 125 mg. vitamin Be; 250 mg. riboflavin; 250 mg.niacin; 1250 mg. calcium pantothenate; 2500 ang. p-aminobenzoic acid;7500 mg. i-inositol; 75,000 crng. choline chloride; 5 mg. folic acid;62.5 mg. menadione; 7500 mg. mixed tocopherols; 12,500 mg. oleumpercomorphum; 1845 mg. 0.1% vita-min B12; 0.025 mg. biotin and 981 g.sucrose.

The data obtained from such experiments is presented in Table I. Itillustrates the improvement in weight gain and enhanced feed efliciencyrealized in the groups receiving a basal diet having incorporatedtherewith a small quantity of S-nitro-Z-furaldehyde 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)semicarbazone.

TABLE I Ave. Ave. Ave. Feed Expt. Group No. per Startin Weight GainEfli- No. Group Weight in Gms. In Gms. ciency in Gms. at 28 days A{GontloL 10 73 164 91 4. 4 Treated. 10 73 182 109 3. 7 B Control. 10 61121 60 6.1 Treated. 10 61 158 97 3. 9 O Control- 10 61 151 3. 7 TreaterL10 61 161 3. 4 D Control. 10 51 89 3.5 Treated. 10 52 156 104 3. 3

Other animal species also respond remarkably well when offered mycompositions. For instance, tests upon chickens demonstrated asurprising weight gain and feed conversion in that species. In thesetests day-old chickens of known heredity were employed. An adequatebasal ration having this composition was used.

Basal Ration Ingredient: Parts by weight Ground yellow corn 45.38Soybean oil meal (44% protein) 38.00 Animal fat (stabilized) 5.00Steamed bonemeal 2.50 Limestone 1.00 Alfalfa meal (17% protein) 2.00Dried whey 2.50 Fish solubles 2.50 Manganese sulfate (feed grade) 0.05Iodized salt 0.50 Methionine (98%) 0.15 Choline (25%) 0.25- Vitamin B(20 Ing./lb.) 0.0125 Vitamin supplement: 2 gm. riboflavin, 4

gm. pantothenic acid and 9 gm. niacin per pound 0.10 Dry vitamin D (3000units/gm.) 0.011 Dry vitamin A (10,000 units/ gm.) 0.05

TEST I The chickens used in this test were housed in floor pens providedwith a clean litter of crushed cobs. Feed and water were offered adlibitum. Groups of 50 broiler chickens were segregated to afford acontrol group receiving the basal diet for comparison with other groupsto which the basal diet containing varied amounts of the compound,5-nitro-2-furaldehyde Z-(Z-hydroxyethyl) semicarbazone, was offered andto permit comparison of the effects produced by varied amounts of thatcompound. Each group received in its ration nitrofurazone in the amountof 0.0055 The results of such a test, representing a total of 150 birdsfor each group maintained in the test for 63 days, are shown in thefollowing table:

This test was conducted in the same manner as Test 1 except that thefeed ofiered to the groups did not contain nitrofurazone. The resultsare shown in Table III:

TABLE 111 Feed Amount of Average Efiiciency Group Compound Weight (Gm.

(gm./ton) (gms) feed/Gm. Gain 1H Weight) Basal 1, 341 2. S6 BasalCompound 1O 1, 381 2.78 D0 25 1, 393 2. 77

Still another species that responds favorably to my feed compositions inswine. When a conventional cold ground basal ration of corn, barley, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, alfalfa, mineral mix and vitamin mix, andcontaining, as additive, gm. per ton of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde2(2-hydroxyethyl) semicarbazone, was fed to swine over a period of days,notable weight gain of the order of 56% over that found in a controlgroup was produced with no evidence of toxicity and with completepalatability.

The basal rations which have been described above are merelyillustrative and it is to be understood that the term basal ration usedin the following clm'rns (wherein the parts are by weight) is intendedto include such feedstufi mixtures as are conventionally fed to animalsin the normal practice of animal husbandry.

What 1 claim is:

1. A supplemented animal feedstuff containing a growth-promoting factorconsisting of from about 1 to about 10 parts of 5-nitro-2-furaldehydeZ-(Z-hydroxyethyl) semicarbazone and 100,000 parts of a carrier thereforcomprising basal ration.

2. A supplemented animal feedstuif containing a growth-promoting factorconsisting of from about 2 to about 5 parts of nitro-2-furaldehyde2-(2-hydroxyethyl)semicarbazone and 100,000 parts of a carrier thereforcomprising basal ration.

3. A supplemented animal feedstuif containing a growth-promoting factorconsisting of about 1 part of S-nitro- 2-furaldehyde2-(2-hyclroxyethyl)semicarbazone and 20,000 parts of a carrier thereforcomprising basal ration.

4. A supplemented animal feedstulf containing a growth-promoting factorconsisting of about 1 part of S-nitro- Z-furaldehydeZ-(Z-hydroxyethyl)semicarbazone and 50,000 parts of a carrier thereforcomprising basal ration.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,416,235 Stillman Feb. 18, 1947 2,812,282 Ells Nov. 5, 1957 2,856,328Terr-y Oct. 14, 1958 OTHER REFERENCES Berg et al: Poultry Science,September 1955, p. 1180.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No.3,039,875 June 19, 1962 Mary F. Paul It is hereby certified that errorappears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that thesaid Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 1, lines 3 and 4, for that portion of the title reading"2-(3-HYDROXYETHYL) SEMICARBAZONE" read 2-(2 HYDROXYETHYL) SEMICARBAZONEcolumn 4, list of references cited, under the heading "UNITED STATESPATENTS" add the following:

2,416,234 Stillman --Feb. 18, 1947 Signed and sealed this 2nd day ofOctober 1962.

(SEAL) Attest:

ERNEST w. SWIDER DAVID LADD Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents

1. A SUPPLEMENTED ANIMAL FEEDSTUFF CONTAINING A GROWTH-PROMOTING FACTORCONSISTING OF FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 10 PARTS OF 5-NITRO-2-FURALDEHYDE2-(2-HYDROXYETHYL) SEMICARBAZONE AND 100,000 PARTS OF A CARRIER THEREFORCOMPRISING BASAL RATION.